ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PT INDAH KIAT (PULP & PAPER)

Abstrak

This research aims to test financial report analysis as a tool for measuring the financial performance of PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper). Financial report analysis is used to assess the condition and development of company performance through a financial ratio approach and trend analysis. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive method with secondary data in the form of the annual financial report of PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper) for the 2017–2019 period. Data analysis techniques include analysis of liquidity ratios, solvency, profitability, as well as trend analysis to see trends in changes in a company's financial performance from year to year. The research results show that in terms of liquidity, the company is in liquid condition with a current ratio value above 100%, although there are indications that the utilization of current assets is less than optimal. In terms of solvency, the company's capital structure showed improvement, marked by a decrease in the ratio of debt to assets and equity. However, in terms of profitability, the company's performance experienced fluctuations and tended to decline in 2019, which was reflected in the decline in Return on Investment (ROI). Trend analysis shows an increase in assets and equity, but a decrease in net profit due to an increase in cost of goods sold and a decrease in sales. Overall, the research results show that although PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper) has relatively good liquidity and solvency, the company's profitability performance still needs to be improved in order to be able to provide an optimal level of return for investors.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji analisis laporan keuangan sebagai alat ukur kinerja keuangan PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper). Analisis laporan keuangan digunakan untuk menilai kondisi dan perkembangan kinerja perusahaan melalui pendekatan rasio keuangan dan analisis tren. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper) periode 2017–2019. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis rasio likuiditas, solvabilitas, profitabilitas, serta analisis tren untuk melihat kecenderungan perubahan kinerja keuangan perusahaan dari tahun ke tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari sisi likuiditas, perusahaan berada dalam kondisi likuid dengan nilai current ratio di atas 100%, meskipun terdapat indikasi kurang optimalnya pemanfaatan aktiva lancar. Dari sisi solvabilitas, struktur permodalan perusahaan menunjukkan perbaikan yang ditandai dengan penurunan rasio utang terhadap aset dan ekuitas. Namun demikian, dari sisi profitabilitas, kinerja perusahaan mengalami fluktuasi dan cenderung menurun pada tahun 2019, yang tercermin dari penurunan Return on Investment (ROI). Analisis tren menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aset dan ekuitas, tetapi penurunan laba bersih akibat meningkatnya beban pokok penjualan dan menurunnya penjualan. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun PT Indah Kiat (Pulp & Paper) memiliki likuiditas dan solvabilitas yang relatif baik, kinerja profitabilitas perusahaan masih perlu ditingkatkan agar mampu memberikan tingkat pengembalian yang optimal bagi investor.