COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BETWEEN ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE: AN RGEC (RISK, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNING, CAPITAL) APPROACH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35145/kurs.v11i1.5999Keywords:
Kinerja Keuangan, RGEC, Bank Syariah, Bank Konvensional, Financial Performance, Islamic Bank, Conventional BankAbstract
Kinerja keuangan merupakan indikator penting yang mencerminkan kemampuan bank dalam mengelola risiko, kualitas tata kelola, profitabilitas, dan kekuatan modal dalam menjalankan fungsi intermediasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kinerja keuangan antara bank syariah dan bank konvensional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX) untuk periode 2020–2024 menggunakan pendekatan RGEC (Profil Risiko, Tata Kelola Perusahaan yang Baik, Laba, dan Modal). Populasi terdiri dari bank syariah dan bank konvensional yang terdaftar di IDX, dengan sampel yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling berdasarkan ketersediaan laporan keuangan lengkap selama periode penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji non-parametrik Mann–Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Risiko (NPL/NPF), Tata Kelola Perusahaan yang Baik (GCG), dan Modal (CAR) tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara bank syariah dan bank konvensional. Namun, variabel Laba (ROA) menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan, yang mengindikasikan bahwa bank syariah memiliki profitabilitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bank konvensional selama periode penelitian. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas adalah satu-satunya aspek pembeda kinerja keuangan antara kedua kelompok perbankan, sedangkan risiko, tata kelola, dan kecukupan modal tetap relatif serupa.
Financial performance is an essential indicator that reflects a bank’s ability to manage risk, governance quality, profitability, and capital strength in carrying out its intermediation functions. This study aims to analyze the differences in financial performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020–2024 period using the RGEC approach (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital). The population consists of Islamic and conventional banks listed on the IDX, with samples selected using purposive sampling based on the availability of complete financial reports during the research period. The analytical method employed is the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U Test. The results show that the variables Risk (NPL/NPF), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), and Capital (CAR) do not exhibit significant differences between Islamic and conventional banks. However, the Earnings (ROA) variable shows a significant difference, indicating that Islamic banks have higher profitability compared to conventional banks during the study period. These findings suggest that profitability is the only distinguishing aspect of financial performance between the two banking groups, while risk, governance, and capital adequacy remain relatively similar.
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